I don't know if anyone is still watching this thread, but this question is particularly interesting as the Merrill Lynch analyst announced today that he believes oil will go to $150 to $200 in the near future...meaning oil company profits could continue to skyrocket.
This is a complicated issue. From a purely capitalist standpoint, oil company profits should absolutely not be taxed more than they already are. It's important to remember that these company are still paying a heckuva lot of tax, and probably in the highest tax bracket. If the question is about adding another tax bracket for all businesses, then perhaps that can be considered in an overall tax system initiative. But to attack the oil companies specifically, simply because their profits have gone up due to an increase in the price of a market traded commodity, is unfair and counter to capitalist philosophy.
Of course, there are other arguments as well - that the oil companies need to be amassing capital to be able to either to fund new exploration and increasingly expensive production, or to invest in future energy sources. And that the price of oil may still retreat, erasing much of the current profits (unlikely at this point, but who knows!).
From a non-capitalist point of view, such as a "greater good" philosophy, it may seem tempting to Robin Hood these companies. After all, this is a crucial commodity that our entire society and economy relies on very heavily. In the interest of stabilizing the economy by sharing the profits with the federal government, perhaps some philosophies can argue that it is justifiable.